Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Changes in Streams along an Agricultural Gradient

Abstract

Nitrogen is a major constituent of agricultural fertilizers, and nitrogen inputs to stream water via runoff and groundwater lead to a variety of negative environmental impacts. In order to quantify the movement of nitrogen through aquatic food webs, fourteen streams with varying land uses across South-Central Ontario were sampled for two species of fish, freshwater mussels, and water for measurement of isotope ratios of δ15N and δ13C. I found that nitrogen isotopes in fish, water, and mussels were related to the percentage of riparian monoculture, and that carbon isotopes were unrelated to monoculture. Though all species were enriched as monoculture increased, the rate of δ15N enrichment as monoculture increased did not vary between species. This study has improved our understanding of how monoculture affects nutrient enrichment in stream food webs, and assesses the validity of using nitrogen isotopes to measure trophic positions of aquatic organisms across an environmental gradient.

Author Keywords: agriculture, fish, food webs, nitrogen, stable isotopes, streams

    Item Description
    Type
    Contributors
    Creator (cre): Graham, Lisa
    Thesis advisor (ths): Xenopoulos, Marguerite
    Degree committee member (dgc): Dunlop, Erin
    Degree committee member (dgc): Fox, Michael
    Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University
    Date Issued
    2014
    Date (Unspecified)
    2014
    Place Published
    Peterborough, ON
    Language
    Extent
    76 pages
    Rights
    Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted.
    Local Identifier
    TC-OPET-10127
    Publisher
    Trent University
    Degree
    Master of Science (M.Sc.): Environmental and Life Sciences