Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Due to their effective antibacterial and antifungal properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have quickly become the most commonly used nanomaterial, with applications in industry, medicine and consumer products. This increased use of AgNPs over the past decade will inevitably result in an elevated release of nanoparticles into the environment, highlighting the importance of assessing… more Full Text: THE EFFECTS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON LOWER TROPHIC LEVELS IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts and Science …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Sajer, Bayan, Thesis advisor (ths): Yee, Janet, Degree committee member (dgc): Rafferty, Steven, Degree committee member (dgc): Bates, Holly, Degree committee member (dgc): Brunetti, Craig, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>The parasitic protist Giardia intestinalis has five heme proteins: a flavohemoglobin and several isotypes of cytochrome b5. While the flavohemoglobin has a role in counteracting nitric oxide, the functions of the cytochromes (gCYTb5s) are unknown. In this study, the protein level and cellular localization of three gCYTB5 isotypes (gCYTb5-I, II and III) and flavohemoglobin were examined… more Full Text: THE EFFECT OF NITROSATIVE STRESS ON HEME PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND LOCALIZATION IN GIARDIA INTESTINALIS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Blanchard, Dane Alexander, Thesis advisor (ths): Aherne, Julian, Degree committee member (dgc): Watmough, Shaun, Degree committee member (dgc): Sager, Eric P.S., Degree committee member (dgc): McKenna Neuman, Cheryl L, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Recent developments at an aluminum (Al) smelter in Kitimat, BC resulted in a permitted increase of 27 to 42 tonnes of sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions per day. Gaseous SO2 is a pollutant known to contribute to acidic deposition through processes of wet and dry deposition and can additionally react in-atmosphere to form particulate sulphate (pSO42-). Between June 2017 to October 2018, an… more Full Text: Observation-based assessment of atmospheric sulphur surrounding a major aluminum smelter in British Columbia, Canada A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Populations have long been delineated by physical barriers that appear to limit reproduction, yet increasingly genetic analysis reveal these delineations to be inaccurate. The eastern and mid-continent populations of sandhill cranes are expanding ranges which is leading to convergence and warrants investigation of the genetic structure between the two populations. Obtaining blood or… more Full Text: Do birds of a feather flock together: An investigation of sandhill crane (Antigone canadensis) populations using non-invasive feathers as a source of DNA A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Elemental selenium has been extensively quantitatively measured in sediments; however, its physical composition is largely unknown, despite it being the dominant selenium species in some reducing environments. Here, for the first time, it is shown that small, cyclic selenium compounds can account for a quantitatively-relevant fraction of the total elemental selenium present. </p>… more Full Text: Characterization of Synthetic and Natural Se8 and Related SenSm Compounds by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) is rapidly becoming an established method for the detection of species in aquatic systems and has been suggested as a promising tool to estimate species abundance. However, the strength of the relationship between eDNA concentrations and taxon abundance (density/biomass) can vary widely between species. I investigated the relationship between eDNA concentration… more Full Text: Making eDNA count: Using environmental DNA (eDNA) to quantify relative larval amphibian abundance A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Ustilago maydis (D.C.) Corda is a biotrophic pathogen that secretes effectors to establish and maintain a relationship with its host, Zea mays. In this pathosystem, the molecular function of effectors is well-studied, but the regulation of effector gene expression remains largely unknown. This study characterized Zfp1, a putative U. maydis Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor, as a modulator… more Full Text: CHARACTERIZATION OF A Zn(II)2Cys6 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR IN Ustilago maydis AND ITS ROLE IN PATHOGENESIS A dissertation submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Glucocorticoids (e.g., corticosterone (CORT)) are hypothesized to mediate decisions regarding reproductive investment during breeding, but the directionality of the relationship is not clear. The CORT-fitness hypothesis posits that high levels of CORT arise from challenging environmental conditions in which an individual will conserve resources for future reproduction or self-maintenance… more Full Text: THE ROLE OF CORTICOSTERONE IN REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT AND BREEDING SUCCESS IN TREE SWALLOWS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Interspecific hybridization rates can vary depending on genomic compatibilities between progenitors, while subsequent hybrid spread can vary depending on hybrid performance and habitat availability for hybrid establishment and persistence. As a result, hybridization rates and hybrid frequencies can vary across regions of parental sympatry. In areas around the Laurentian Great Lakes,… more Full Text: INVESTIGATING THE REGIONAL VARIATION IN FREQUENCIES OF THE INVASIVE HYBRID CATTAIL, TYPHA × GLAUCA A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Wynia, Abby, Thesis advisor (ths): Whillans, Thomas H., Thesis advisor (ths): Doka, Susan E., Degree committee member (dgc): de Kerckhove, Dak T., Degree committee member (dgc): Sager, Eric P.S., Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Invasive Phragmites australis ssp. australis (herein "Phragmites") has established and rapidly spread throughout many coastal areas of the Great Lakes. Known to displace native vegetation communities as it forms large, monotypic stands, Phragmites has a bad reputation when it comes to losses of biodiversity and habitat provision for wildlife. However, the extent to which… more Full Text: Fish and invertebrate use of invasive Phragmites in a Great Lakes freshwater delta A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Coldwater streams are becoming increasingly impacted due to urbanization. Using environmental surveys, mark-recapture and telemetry, I assessed factors influencing seasonal brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat use and movement in urban headwater streams in central Ontario between 2017-18. Generalized additive models were used to assess which habitat variables best explained… more Full Text: SEASONAL HABITAT USE AND MOVEMENT OF NATIVE BROOK TROUT (SALVELINUS FONTINALIS) IN URBAN HEADWATER STREAMS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Vezsenyi, Kathryn Anne, Thesis advisor (ths): Beresford, David V, Thesis advisor (ths): Schaefer, James A, Degree committee member (dgc): Skevington, Jeffrey H, Degree committee member (dgc): Crins, William, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Syrphids, also known as hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are a diverse and widespread family of flies. Here, I report on their distributions from a previously understudied region, the far north of Ontario, as well as Akimiski Island, Nunavut. I used samples collected through a variety of projects to update known range and provincial records for over a hundred species, bringing into… more Full Text: Syrphidae (Diptera) of northern Ontario and Akimiski Island, Nunavut: new diversity records, trap analysis, and DNA barcoding A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Competition is known to impact population dynamics through both indirect and direct interactions, and direct interactions can often lead to injury in one or both parties. As such, response to injury through tissue regeneration can be important for surviving post-competitive interaction. However, the impacts of outside factors like temperature and genome size (e.g. polyploidy) are not… more Full Text: How Abiotic and Biotic Factors Can Alter the Competitive Landscape in an Aggressive Species Complex (Genus: Ambystoma) A thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Environmental monitoring and investigation of metal biogeochemical cycling has been</p><p>carried out in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), an important and complex system in Southern</p><p>China. In this study, rare earth element (REE) patterns as well as isotope ratios (i.e., Zn and Cd)</p><p>were evaluated as tools to identify contamination sources in… more Full Text: AN INVESTIGATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENT PATTERNS AND AN APPLICATION OF USING ZN AND CD ISOTOPE RATIOS IN OYSTERS TO IDENTIFY CONTAMINATION SOURCES IN AN ESTUARY IN SOUTHERN CHINA A Thesis Submitted the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Wild populations are notoriously difficult to study due to confounding stochastic variables. This thesis tackles two components of investigating wild populations. The first examines the use of niche modeling to quantify macro-scale predator-prey relationships in canid populations across eastern North America, while the second examines range-wide molecular structure in Canada lynx. The… more Full Text: ASSESSING MOLECULAR AND ECOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION IN WILD CARNIVORES A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science Trent …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in oceans provides nutrients and ultraviolet radiation protection to microbes. Some DOM compounds can chelate with metals, including copper, controlling their transport and bioavailability in marine systems. As copper functions as both a nutrient and toxicant, studies into the chemical structures of Cu-ligands is important, however currently limited. In… more Full Text: Fingerprinting of dissolved organic matter and copper ligands in the Canadian Arctic and North Pacific Ocean A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Aquatic contaminant mobility and biological availability is strongly governed by the complexation of organic and inorganic ligands. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex, heterogeneous mixture of organic acids, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates and polyphenols that vary in composition and can complex to dissolved metals thereby altering their fate in aquatic systems. The research… more Full Text: Molecular Composition of Dissolved Organic Matter Controls Metal Speciation and Microbial Uptake A dissertation submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the faculty …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Contemporary evolution has the potential to help limit the biological impact of rapidly changing climates, however it remains unclear whether wild populations can respond quickly enough for such adaptations to be effective. In this thesis, I used the introduction of native North American Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) into the milder climate of Europe over 140 years ago, as a '… more Full Text: CONTEMPORARY ADAPTIVE SHIFTS IN THE PHYSIOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF PUMPKINSEED (LEPOMIS GIBBOSUS) INTRODUCED INTO A WARM CLIMATE. A Dissertation Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Recent declines in North American shorebird populations could be linked to habitat loss on the non-breeding grounds. Sea-level rise and increased frequency of coastal storms are causing significant erosion of barrier islands, thereby threatening shorebirds who rely on shoreline habitats for foraging. I conducted shorebird surveys on Bulls Island, South Carolina in the winters of 2018 and… more Full Text: SHOREBIRD HABITAT USE AND FORAGING ECOLOGY ON BULLS ISLAND, SOUTH CAROLINA DURING THE NON-BREEDING SEASON A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty …
Year: 2019, 2019
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Many rare and elusive species have low detection probabilities, thereby imposing unique challenges to monitoring and conservation. Here, we assess the detection probability of the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) in contrast to a more common and conspicuous species, the Eastern Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis). We found that patterns of detection probability differed between… more Full Text: A multi-faceted approach to evaluating the detection probability of an elusive snake (Sistrurus catenatus) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Levasseur, Patrick, Thesis advisor (ths): Watmough, Shaun, Degree committee member (dgc): Aherne, Julian, Degree committee member (dgc): Eimers, Catherine, Degree committee member (dgc): Whitfield, Colin, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>In 2012, the Rio Tinto aluminum smelter in Kitimat, British Columbia increased sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions from 27 to 42 tonnes/day. An initial study was conducted to investigate the effect of the increased sulphur (S) deposition on forest soils. A key uncertainty of the initial study was mineral surface area estimations that were applied to critical load calculations. The current… more Full Text: Estimating mineral surface area and acid sensitivity of forest soils in, Kitimat, British Columbia A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Effective population size (Ne) is a foundational concept in conservation biology, in part due to its relationship to the adaptive potential of populations. Although Ne is often estimated for wild populations, it is rarely calibrated against actual population estimates (Nc) other than to produce Ne/Nc ratios. This project used demographic and genetic data for from two intensively-studied… more Full Text: Ground-truthing effective population size estimators using long-term population data from inland salmonid populations A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>While both resource quality and predator-derived chemical cues can each have profound effects on zooplankton populations and their function in ecosystems, the strength and nature of their interactive effects remain unclear. We conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate how stoichiometric food quality (i.e., algal carbon (C):phosphorus (P) ratios) affects responses of the water flea,… more Full Text: STOICHIOMETRIC FOOD QUALITY AFFECTS RESPONSES OF DAPHNIA TO PREDATOR-DERIVED CHEMICAL CUES A Thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Stream solutes are strongly linked to hydrology, and as such, we sought to better understand how hydrology, particularly flooding, influences nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels. We used a long-term dataset of monthly water quality samples for many Ontario, Canada, catchments to assess the effects of landscape variables, such as land use and physiography, on the export of nutrients… more Full Text: HYDROLOGICAL AND FLOODING EFFECTS ON STREAM NUTRIENT LEVELS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science Trent University …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): McClenaghan, Beverly, Thesis advisor (ths): Nol, Erica, Degree committee member (dgc): Nocera, Joseph J, Degree committee member (dgc): Beresford, David V, Degree committee member (dgc): Kerr, K, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) populations have declined in North America over the past 40 years and they are listed as Threatened in Ontario, Canada. Changes in the food supply have been hypothesized as a potential cause of this population decline. I used DNA barcoding to investigate the diet and food supply of Barn Swallows and to determine if the food supply affects their reproductive… more Full Text: USING DNA BARCODING TO INVESTIGATE THE DIET AND FOOD SUPPLY OF A DECLINING AERIAL INSECTIVORE, THE BARN SWALLOW (Hirundo rustica) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Pastures and hayfields provide surrogate habitat for many declining grassland birds. Understanding agricultural land use dynamics and habitat quality can impact conservation of grassland species. I investigated 1) patterns of land use change in protected and unprotected sites in relationship to Bobolink occurrence in Carden, Ontario, Canada and 2) whether continuous grazing at low… more Full Text: THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE ON BOBOLINK OCCURRENCE, ABUNDANCE, AND REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN AN ALVAR LANDSCAPE A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Chimney swifts are listed as Threatened nationally and in many provinces within Canada due to rapid population declines. I examined large-scale spatial variation in the maximum size of chimney swift roosts at the northern edge of their range to identify where larger roosts occur. I used multi-sourced data collected across Ontario and Quebec between 1998 and 2013. I found that larger… more Full Text: HABITAT USE WITHIN AND AMONG ROOSTS OF CHIMNEY SWIFTS (Chaetura pelagica) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Understanding the maintenance and spread of invasive diseases is critical in evaluating threats to biodiversity and how to best minimize their impact, which can by done by monitoring disease occurrences across time and space. I sought to apply existing and upcoming molecular tools to assess fluctuations in both presence and strain variation of frog virus 3 (FV3), a species of Ranavirus,… more Full Text: FROG VIRUS 3: TRACKING VIRAL SPREAD USING MOLECULAR TOOLS A thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences TRENT UNIVERSITY …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Cowden, Phaedra, Thesis advisor (ths): Aherne, Julian, Degree committee member (dgc): Watmough, Shaun, Degree committee member (dgc): Sager, Eric, Degree committee member (dgc): Canners, Richard, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Atmospheric pollutant deposition poses a risk to ecosystem health; therefore, monitoring the spatial and temporal trends of deposition is integral to environmental sustainability. Although moss biomonitoring is a common method to monitor various pollutants in Europe, offering a cost-effective approach compared to traditional methods of monitoring, it is rarely used in Canada. The focus… more Full Text: Moss Biomonitoring of Trace Element Deposition in Northwestern British Columbia, Canada A Thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Introgressive hybridization between northern (Glaucomys sabrinus) and southern flying squirrels (G. volans) has been observed in some areas of Canada and the USA. However, existing molecular markers lack the resolution to discriminate late-generation introgressants and describe the extent to which hybridization influences the Glaucomys gene pool. I report the first North American flying… more Full Text: De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation, and SNP discovery in North American flying squirrels (genus Glaucomys) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Wehtje, Morgan, Thesis advisor (ths): Bowman, Jeff, Thesis advisor (ths): Murray, Dennis, Degree committee member (dgc): Fortin, Marie Josee, Degree committee member (dgc): Wilson, Paul, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>Range contractions and expansions are important ecological concepts for species management decisions. These decisions relate not only to rare and endangered species but to common and invasive species as well. The development of the broad spatiotemporal extent models that are helpful in examining range fluctuations can be challenging given the lack of data expansive enough to cover the… more Full Text: NEW INTERPRETATIONS FROM OLD DATA: CHANGES IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE AND AREA OF OCCUPANCY FOR CANADA LYNX AND SNOWSHOE HARE FROM FUR HARVEST AND MUSEUM RECORDS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding targets sequences with interspecific</p><p>variation that can be amplified using universal primers allowing simultaneous detection</p><p>of multiple species from environmental samples. I developed novel primers for three</p><p>barcodes commonly used to identify plant species, and compared amplification success… more Full Text: Using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to assess aquatic plant communities A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Neuroblastoma (NB) has one of the highest mortality rates in pediatric oncology due to relapsed and refractory disease. Current aggressive multi-modal treatments are inhibited by dose-limiting toxicities and are associated with late-effects and secondary malignancies, emphasizing the necessity for novel therapeutics. Uniquely, most NB cells highly express disialoganglioside (GD2) a cell… more Full Text: Evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and anti-GD2AgNP antibody-drug conjugates as novel neuroblastoma therapies A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Soluble uranium (U) has been observed continuously in the porewaters of Bentley Lake,</p><p>a lake with semi-permanent anoxic sediments, despite the fact that reduced U(IV) is known to be</p><p>insoluble. To be able to predict the fate and mobility of U that has been deposited in lake</p><p>sediments, it is very important to understand the factors that… more Full Text: CHANGES IN FORMS OF URANIUM IN ANOXIC LAKE SEDIMENTS AND POREWATERS NEAR AN ABANDONED URANIUM MINE, BANCROFT, ONTARIO A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Chemical presumptive tests are used as the primary detection method for latent bloodstain evidence. This work focuses on developing a forensic blood substitute which mimics whole blood reactivity to a luminol solution commonly used in presumptive testing. Designing safe and accessible materials that mimic relevant properties of blood is a recognized research need in forensic science.… more Full Text: Research and development of synthetic materials for presumptive testing in bloodstain pattern analysis: a luminol-reactive forensic blood substitute A thesis submitted to the committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Numerous prey taxa employ defensive postures for protection against attack by predators. Defensive postures mitigate predation risk at various stages of the predator-prey sequence, including through crypsis, mimicry, thanatosis, aposematism, and deflection. In terrestrial salamanders, defensive postures may be aposematic, or deflect attacks away from vital body parts and towards the tail… more Full Text: ENDURING ATTACK: DEFENSIVE POSTURE IN TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS (GENUS: AMBYSTOMA) AND THEIR PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS ON PELEE ISLAND, CANADA A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>I assessed how organisms having multiple biotic attributes may have conflicting niche determinants, and whether the realized niche reflects single or multiple attributes. All-female salamanders engage in two biotic states: hybridism and reproductive parasitism. Hybrids should occupy areas transitional to those used by parental species, whereas parasites that engage in competition with… more Full Text: Complex niche determinants in terrestrial salamanders: Does hybridism or reproductive parasitism explain large-scale patterns of distribution? A thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Salamanders are capable of tissue regeneration throughout all life-stages, which requires the dedifferentiation of mature cells to regrow lost tissues. Dedifferentiation is promoted by degradation of the extracellular matrix by matrix metalloproteases, as well as lysosomal degradation of intracellular and cell-surface proteins that mark cells as part of a mature lineage. Salamanders are… more Full Text: CORTICOSTERONE PROMOTES DEVELOPMENT OF CANNIBALISTIC MORPHOLOGY AND INHIBITS TISSUE REGENERATION IN AXOLOTLS (AMBYSTOMA MEXICANUM) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Samkari, Bshayer A, Thesis advisor (ths): Beresford, David, Degree committee member (dgc): Hutchinson, Tom, Degree committee member (dgc): Sager, Eric, Degree committee member (dgc): Davy, Christina, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>This thesis looks at the genus Pollenia: historically where they were first introduced into Canada and spatially, where they are found now. This project involved me identifying 2211 files, sorted from the 3 years of field specimens obtained in 2011, 2012, 2013. P. pediculata was the most abundant and widespread, yielding 1272 specimens out of 2211, and it was found in all provinces… more Full Text: DISTRIBUTION OF CLUSTER FLY SPECIES (POLLENIA SPP, DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE) ACROSS CANADA INCLUDING RANGE EXTENSIONS AND FIRST PROVINCIAL RECORDS A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Cytokinins (CKs) are hormones that promote cell division. During the formation of tumors in the Ustilago maydis-Zea mays pathosystem, the levels of CKs are elevated. Although CK levels are increased, the origins of these CKs have not been determined and it is unclear as to whether they promote the formation of tumors. To determine this, we measured the CK levels, identified CK… more Full Text: CYTOKININ BIOSYNTHESIS, SIGNALING AND TRANSLOCATION DURING THE FORMATION OF TUMORS IN THE Ustilago maydis- Zea mays PATHOSYSTEM A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Increases in flooding due to anthropogenic influences such as climate change and reservoir creation will undoubtedly impact aquatic ecosystems, affecting physical, chemical, and biological processes. We used two approaches to study these impacts: a whole-ecosystem reservoir flooding experiment and a systematic literature review. In the whole-ecosystem experiment, we analyzed the impact… more Full Text: EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON NUTRIENT BUDGETS AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES A Thesis to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT UNIVERSITY Peterborough, …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Leaf litter decomposition represents a major pathway for nutrient cycling and carbon flow in aquatic ecosystems, and macroinvertebrates play an important role in the processing of this material. To assess the causes of variable leaf breakdown and nutrient fluxes, I measured decomposition rates and the nutrient release ratios of decomposing leaf material across a broad latitudinal… more Full Text: AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE STUDIES FROM TWO PERSPECTIVES: FUNCTION (SHREDDERS) AND DISTRIBUTION (DYTISCIDAE) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>To better understand species' resilience to climate change and implement solutions, we must conserve environments that maintain standing adaptive genetic variation and the potential generation of new beneficial alleles. Coding trinucleotide repeats (cTNRs) providing high-pace adaptive capabilities via high rates of mutation are ideal targets for mitigating the decline of species at… more Full Text: TIME TO ADAPT: CHARACTERIZING ADAPTIVE GENETIC VARIATION OF CANADA LYNX USING CODING TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS A dissertation submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>This study seeks to clarify the way in which the differing canopy characteristics among tree species influence the partitioning of precipitation, and therefore the source of water available for plant water uptake, in the Plastic Lake catchment near Dorset, ON. Three dominant tree species were compared: red oak (Quercus rubra), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), and eastern hemlock (… more Full Text: THE INFLUENCE OF CANOPY WATER PARTITIONING ON THE ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE OF PLANT WATER IN A MIXED NORTHERN FOREST A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>According to the Invasional Meltdown Hypothesis (IMH), invasive species may interact in their introduced range and facilitate future invasions. This study investigated the possibility that Alliaria petiolata, an invasive allelopathic herbaceous plant in Ontario, is facilitating invasions by additional alien species. Two allelopathic focal species were chosen for this study: the native… more Full Text: Tests of the Invasional Meltdown Hypothesis in invasive herbaceous plant species in southern Ontario A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Ustilago maydis is a biotrophic fungal plant pathogen that causes 'common smut of corn' disease. During infection, U. maydis develops a metabolic dependency on its host, relying on uptake of the carbon molecules provided within Zea mays tissues. The research presented indicated a requirement for metabolism of the pentose sugar D-xylose through functional investigation of a U.… more Full Text: FUNCTIONAL INVESTIGATION OF A Ustilago maydis XYLOSE METABOLISM GENE AND ITS ANTISENSE TRANSCRIPTS A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the faculty of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>North American freshwater fishes are declining rapidly due to habitat fragmentation, degradation, and loss. In some cases, translocations can be used to reverse local extirpations by releasing species in suitable habitats that are no longer naturally accessible. Lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) experienced historical overharvest across their distribution, leading to endangered… more Full Text: Assessment of an adult lake sturgeon translocation (Acipenser fulvescens) reintroduction effort in a fragmented river system A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Drivers of North American Barn Swallow population declines are not well understood, but foraging habitat loss is thought to be a contributing factor. Determining patterns of habitat use is challenging for swallows because they move rapidly but are too small to carry GPS tags. We showed that automated radio-telemetry could be used to track the movements of swallows with enough accuracy (… more Full Text: Using automated radio-telemetry to link food availability, reproductive success, and habitat use of Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Name(s): Creator (cre): Preston, Colette Alexia, Thesis advisor (ths): McKenna Neuman, Cheryl, Degree committee member (dgc): Boulton, Wayne, Degree committee member (dgc): Buttle, James, Degree committee member (dgc): Eimers, Catherine, Degree granting institution (dgg): Trent University Abstract: <p>A series of experiments was designed to assess the relative efficacy of various dust suppressants to suppress PM10 emissions from nepheline syenite tailings. The experiments were conducted in the Trent University Environmental Wind Tunnel, Peterborough, Ontario, and on the tailings ponds at the Unimin Ltd Nephton mine near Havelock, Ontario. Treated surfaces were subjected to particle-… more Full Text: A wind tunnel and field evaluation of the efficacy of various dust suppressants A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>The network composition hypothesis (NCH) suggests that i) large confluence symmetry ratios (drainage area of the tributary relative to the mainstem) and ii) landscape differences (differences in landscape characteristics between the mainstem and tributary drainages) lead to greater ecological changes below confluences. As a test of the NCH, 34 confluences were sampled in southern Ontario… more Full Text: DISCONTINUITIES IN STREAM NETWORKS: THE EFFECTS OF TRIBUTARY SIZE AND TYPE ON BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONFLUENCES A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Resources and risk are in constant flux and an organism's ability to manage change may improve their likelihood of persistence. I examined intra-seasonal variation in nest-site selection and survival of a declining wetland bird, the Black Tern (Chlidonias niger surinamensis). I modelled nest site occupancy and survival of early and late-nesting birds as a function of static and… more Full Text: INTRA-SEASONAL VARIATION IN BLACK TERN NEST-SITE SELECTION AND SURVIVAL A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science Environmental …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Threats such as climate change and increased anthropogenic activity such as shipping, are expected to negatively affect the Arctic. Lack of data on Arctic systems restricts our current understanding of these sensitive systems and limits our ability to predict future impacts. Lakes and ponds are a major feature of the Arctic landscape and are recognized as 'sentinels of change… more Full Text: Hydrochemistry and critical loads of acidity for lakes and ponds in the Canadian Arctic A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Aeolian transport of sand particles is an important geomorphic process that occurs over a significant portion of the earth's land surface. Wind tunnel simulations have been used for more than 75 years to advance the understanding of this process; however, there are still several principles that lack validation from direct sampling of the sand particles in flight. Neither the three-… more Full Text: A wind tunnel based investigation of threedimensional grain scale saltation and boundary-layer stress partitioning using Particle Tracking Velocimetry A Dissertation Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Hunting represents the principal tool for managing populations of migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus), but harvest may be affected by landscape features that govern animal distribution and hunter access. Such effects are unclear. I capitalized on an existing dataset of 21 355 caribou harvest records, 1980 – 2009, to determine the influence of landscape features on caribou harvest… more Full Text: THE INFLUENCE OF LANDSCAPE FEATURES ON THE HARVEST OF CARIBOU (Rangifer tarandus) ON THE ISLAND OF NEWFOUNDLAND A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>The growth of immature insects that develop on human remains can be used to estimate a post-mortem interval (PMI). PMI estimate confidence is negatively affected by: larval killing and preservation methods altering their size, limited morphological parameters to assess larval growth and therefore age, and few available alternate species development data. I compared live specimens to… more Full Text: ENHANCING POST-MORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATES: REFINEMENTS OF TECHNICAL, MORPHOMETRICAL, AND SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS WITHIN FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>The Athabasca Oil Sands in Alberta, Canada is one of the largest point sources emitters of NOx in Canada and there</p><p>are concerns that elevated nitrogen (N) deposition will lead to widespread eutrophication impacts, including altered</p><p>species composition, similar to what has occurred in several parts of Europe. Atmospheric deposition rates as high as</… more Full Text: Nitrogen Retention of Terricolous Lichens in a Jack Pine Forest in Northern Alberta A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on the Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>The Kentucky coffee tree (Gymnocladus dioicus) is an endangered tree species native to the American Midwest and Southwestern Ontario. Significant habitat loss and fragmentation due to agricultural, industrial and urban development has caused gradual decline across its native range. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) patterns of genetic diversity and, (2) genetic… more Full Text: POPULATION GENETICS AND SCARIFICATION REQUIREMENTS OF GYMNOCLADUS DIOICUS A Thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Microalgae are a promising source of valuable compounds relevant to biofuels, biomaterials, nutraceuticals as well as animal and human nutriment. Unfortunately, low cell density and slow growth result in reduced economic feasibility. Heterotrophic cell culturing using an organic carbon source in lieu of light has proven to be an effective alternative to photobioreactors; however, further… more Full Text: MAE EFFE …
Year: 2018, 2018
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>The potential impacts of domestic wastewater (DWW) on the source of drinking water for the M'Chigeeng First Nation were monitored as part of the development of a Source Water Protection plan. During a period of continuous overflow of the Gaaming Wastewater Lagoon serving the community, the chemical tracers, caffeine and sucralose were tracked in West Bay with Passive Organic… more Full Text: PROTECTING SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER FOR THE M’CHIGEENG FIRST NATION, MANITOULIN ISLAND, ONTARIO A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts …
Year: 2017, 2017
Member of: Trent University Graduate Thesis Collection
Abstract: <p>Stopover ecology is a topic that surges in relevancy as choices made by migrants during stationary periods (stopover sites) may not only have important individuals' fitness consequences but also can affect population dynamics. I used MOTUS automated telemetry array to study fall stopover duration of Blackpoll Warbler (BLPW) and departure decisions of BLPW and Canada Warbler (CAWA)… more Full Text: STOPOVER MOVEMENT PATTERNS BY BLACKPOLL AND CANADA WARBLERS ACROSS SOUTHEASTERN CANADA DURING FALL MIGRATION: AN AUTOMATED RADIO-TELEMETRY STUDY A Thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the …
